Network models provide the framework that allows devices to communicate.
💠 What they are
A network model defines how data moves from one device to another.
It breaks communication into layers, with each layer responsible for a specific function. Dividing into layers allows for better structure and sharing of responsibilities.
In the TCP/IP model, someone working on layer 1 (cabling) will almost never talk to someone working on layer 4 (coding).
💠 What they do
Network models ensure devices from different vendors follow the same rules.
This interoperability is why modern networks work reliably, regardless of hardware brand.
💠 Two key models
- OSI Model: A detailed, layered framework used mainly for learning and explanations.
- TCP/IP Model: The practical model used in real networks. It merges some OSI layers.
Both models represent the same structure, the first is more optimized for learning, and the second is more optimized for actual implementation.
💠 Why they matter
Before standardized models, vendors used proprietary systems that couldn’t communicate.
TCP/IP created in 1970s, replaced these fragmented approaches and became the universal standard by the 1990-2000s.
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